Because laser heat treatment has obvious advantages, it solves the technical problem that traditional metal heat treatment can not solve or is not easy to solve. It is highly valued at home and abroad, and laser heat treatment has been rapidly developed. High-power co2 lasers have developed rapidly since the 1970s, and advanced industrial high-power co2 lasers have been commercialized and serialized.
China has successfully developed a kilowatt-class megawatt high-power co2 multimode laser since the "seventh five-year plan". With the development of high-power lasers, various forms of surface treatment can be realized with a laser. It is a metallurgical process that causes changes in the structure of the material. The heating time is in the range of 10-3s~10-7s, and the power density is more than 0.1kw per square millimeter. It is extremely versatile and can be applied to almost all metal surface heat treatments. At present, there are many industries that have serious wear and tear, such as automobiles, metallurgy, petroleum, heavy machinery, and agricultural machinery, as well as high-tech products such as aerospace and aviation. Laser heat treatment is widely used in the automotive industry. Laser heat treatment can be applied to many key automotive components such as cylinders, cylinder liners, crankshafts, camshafts, spurs, valve seats, rocker arms, and aluminum piston ring grooves. For example, the US General Motors Corporation used a dozen kilowatt-class co2 lasers to partially harden the inner wall of the commutator casing, with a daily output of 30,000 sets, which improved the work efficiency four times. China uses high-power co2 laser to strengthen the cylinder bore of the automobile engine, which can extend the overhaul mileage of the engine to more than 150,000 kilometers, and one cylinder is equal to three untreated cylinders.
Laser heat treatment has been adopted in the large-scale locomotive manufacturing industry, greatly improving the life of the locomotive, mainly the laser heat treatment of the large crankshaft of the locomotive and the laser heat treatment of the locomotive diesel engine cylinder liner and the locomotive main reed. They have complex mold manufacturing processes, high precision requirements, various shapes and wide applications, but they often increase the cost due to the short life of the mold, and it is difficult to repair. The use of a laser to heat treat the surface of the mold has been gradually recognized and adopted, which can double the life of the mold without being limited by shape and size. Laser-heat treated crankshafts are increasingly showing their superiority due to laser heat treatment, and various high-power co2 laser heat treatments are constantly being introduced. Some large enterprises have introduced advanced foreign equipment at any cost, such as the introduction of the German 6000w co2 laser by the Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Plant due to the large crankshaft heat treatment production line. At the same time, the sales of domestic high-power co2 laser heat treatment equipment has doubled every year, and laser heat treatment production lines have been developed in various places. At present, the successful examples are the laser heat treatment production line of the locomotive crankshaft, cylinder liner and vertical reed in Dalian Locomotive and Rolling Stock Factory; the laser heat treatment production line of diesel engine cylinder liner of Xi'an Internal Combustion Engine Factory; the laser heat treatment production line of automobile engine cylinder liner of Beijing Internal Combustion Engine and Capital Automobile Company; Changchun First Automobile Manufacturing Plant laser heat treatment production line. At the same time, laser processing centers of different scales have been established throughout the country to perform laser heat treatment for machine parts in various industries.
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