The production of cement and bricks is a very energy-intensive process that also requires large amounts of raw materials. Other raw materials such as clay and limestone require temperatures above 1000 ° C to make bricks for construction. This process consumes a lot of energy directly or indirectly, and it is estimated that the production of cement and bricks causes about 7-8% of global carbon dioxide emissions.
Therefore, scientists have been looking for low-energy, low-carbon building materials. Researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder are exploring new areas, using bacteria, carbon dioxide and sunlight to make building materials. The core of this new building material is Synechococcus, a bacterium found in plankton and using photosynthesis to generate energy. The bacteria combined with sand and gelatin, and then soaked in warm, nutrient-rich salt water to produce "live bricks" through photosynthesis. In one experiment, bricks made of this new material were divided into two pieces, and then recharged with salt water, self-repaired in salt water, and fully matched new bricks were grown in the disconnected places.
Of course, this material has its limitations, because bacteria need the right conditions and moisture to thrive. And the toughness of this material also has problems. It does not reach the toughness of standard bricks or cement, and is closer to low strength cement or hardened mortar. Although there is still a need for continuous improvement, this innovation has the potential to be used in remote areas, where materials, energy and capital are in short supply.
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