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Recently, the Direct Alcohol Fuel Cell Research Group of the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (DNL0305 Group) Sun Gongquan's research team has made new advances in the research of ordered nanostructured electrodes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells: the first simulation of the microstructure of enzyme catalysts in nanometers. The fuel cell oxygen reduction electrode with an efficient and stable three-phase reaction interface was constructed on a scale. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell has a mass activity exceeding the DOE's 2015 target and the electrode stability is at the leading international level. The relevant results are published online in recent Scientific Reports (doi:10.1038/srep16100).
Oxygen reduction reaction electrodes are one of the core components of many electrochemical reaction devices including proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and their performance, lifespan, and cost are critical to the development of fuel cell technologies. At present, in the acidic system, the large-scale use of the platinum-based catalytic material of the conventional oxygen reduction electrode leads to a higher cost of the fuel cell. Therefore, the development of oxygen reduction reaction electrodes with low platinum usage, high activity and high stability has important application value for the development of fuel cell technology.
Inspired by the complex microstructure of the active center and the mass transfer channel in the enzyme catalyst, the team anchored platinum nanoparticles in situ to a dual-conductor nano-array interface region with electronic conduction and proton conduction functions, forming a nanometer scale. At the same time, there is a three-phase reaction interface zone with electrons, protons, and mass transfer channels, and the utilization of the platinum catalyst is significantly improved. In addition, the strong interaction between the platinum nanoparticles and the carrier changes the electronic structure of the platinum, not only greatly improves the catalytic activity of the oxygen reduction reaction, but also enhances the stability of the electrode. The research work provides a new research idea for the basic microstructure of fuel cell porous electrode system, and lays a foundation for its mass industrial application.
In recent years, the research team has made a series of research progresses in the research of fuel cell-mediated microscopically ordered membrane electrodes (J. Mater. Chem. A 2013, 1: 491-494, J. Power Sources 2014, 256: 125-132. , Inter. J. Hydrog. Energ. 2012, 37: 14543–14548). This work was supported by funds such as the “973†project.
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