Main fruit tree shaping process
The main shape of the main apple is suitable for densely planted orchards. Like the spindle shape, it has a strong central stem, which directly produces dozens of horizontal branches of different sizes ranging from a few centimeters to 1 meter. They are far less than the center dry, and the result is mostly natural drooping. The height of the tree can be determined according to the flexibility of the plant spacing.
The trunk shape is very similar to the elongated spindle shape, except that it is more and thinner than the elongated spindle-shaped lateral branches. It is important that the lateral branches are not long, so-called uniaxial without extension. The trunk-shaped fruit trees are dried around the center, and the light is evenly distributed and the fruit is large. The tree shape is characterized by rapid forming, small amount of trimming, high flower bud quality, and easy lateral branching. Let's take the apple tree as an example to talk about the cultivation method of the main fruit tree:
First year trim
The support center is dry, strong seedlings, under the premise of ensuring the survival rate, it is not necessary to dry, the dry land is 40 cm above the ground, the irrigated land is 60 cm above the ground, and the buds are used before the germination. The effect of buds too early and too late is not good. Weak seedlings and seedlings can be cut short from the base. Note that the cuts must be above the mating interface. The second year of management after re-issuing is the same as the first year of management of robust seedlings. For the orchard with branching and large seedlings, the management method can refer to the management of the second or third year of the robust seedlings according to the specific conditions of the seedlings. Pruning begins when vegetative growth approaches stopping.
    Second year pruning
The focus of the second year is on carving. The buds on the top of the annual center are engraved every two buds, and the buds that are not grown on the second-year-old center are all carved out. The lateral branches and Wangzhi should be carved all the way. When carving, pay attention to the back buds to be engraved after the buds. The back buds and side buds should be engraved in front of the buds. The center is dry on the horizontal branches, and the virtual branches are more than 15 cm and can be twisted in the middle. The second year of the branch should see the string of flowers, if there is no flower, the end will be removed. In a word, the annual branch should be a flower, the second year of the branch should be removed, and the base should retain 2 to 3 buds.
Three-year trim
In the third year, the fruit of the top knot must be preserved. The prosperous branch can promote the pinching branch before germination, and the base retains two bud rings or twisted branches to promote hair. If it is a virtual stagnation, it is absolutely impossible to leave a branch at the base. Under normal circumstances, a finer branch than a chopstick can be cut by 1 knife, and the middle of the amaranth leaf is wider than the cigarette butt, and then cut 1 knife, and the small thumb is cut 3 times.
After three years of meticulous work, the tree is basically cultivated. If the height of the tree is more than 2.5 meters, all the buds on the upper part will make it into flowers. If the length of the lateral branches exceeds 60 cm, the whole branch will droop, control the diameter of the crown, and slow down the expansion speed of the branches.
Branch group culture and update
The resulting branch of the trunk-shaped fruit tree is directly deposited on the center stem, and the whole tree has 40 to 60 lateral result branch groups and several small result branches. As a result, the cultivation of the branch group and the tree-shaped construction were carried out simultaneously, and the tree-shaped cultivation was completed, and the result of the branch group culture was completed.
The results of the trunk-shaped fruit trees are weak after the results of the years, and this needs to be updated. The specific method is to directly remove the lateral result branches that need to be updated from the base short piles, and the newly issued annual branches grow to a certain extent. Through the twisting branches, engraving buds, pulling branches and other measures to promote the formation of flowers, the formation of new results branches.
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