Recently, Professor Zhang Lixue's research group at the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Professor Yang Dongjiang's research group at the School of Environmental Science and Engineering have worked closely together to make important progress in the field of carbon-based electrode materials for alkali metal ion batteries. The relevant research results are "Effect of Intrinsic Defects of Carbon" "Materials on the Sodium Storage Performance" was published in the internationally renowned journal Advanced Energy Materials (Adv. Energy Mater. 2020, DOI: 10.1002 / aenm.201903652), with a journal impact factor of 24.884. The research was supported by projects such as the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Shandong Natural Science Outstanding Youth Fund, Taishan Scholars Program, and the Shandong College "Qingchuang Science and Technology Program" team. The graduate students Guo Ruiqi and Lu Chunxiao of our school are the co-first authors of this paper.
New alkali metal ion batteries such as sodium / potassium have advantages such as low cost, and are expected to play an important role in future large-scale energy storage systems. Due to its low cost, high conductivity and good stability, carbon materials are extremely promising anode materials for alkali metal ion batteries. Previously, the two research groups collaborated to build a new material for the negative electrode of alginate-based sulfur / nitrogen co-doped carbon nanofiber aerogel potassium ion batteries. Experiments and density functional theory calculations show that sulfur / nitrogen co-doping is beneficial for enhancing potassium ion Adsorption storage, showing excellent potassium storage performance (Small, 2019, 15, 1900816). Introducing heteroatoms in carbon materials as external defects as adsorption sites for alkali metal ions can indeed effectively improve their storage capacity and cycle stability; but it is well known that intrinsic defects generally exist in carbon materials. It also has the effect of promoting the adsorption behavior of alkali metal ions, and systematic research is still lacking. Recently, the two research groups have conducted in-depth research on this key issue. The researchers selected a conventional carbon source and used the template-assisted method to synthesize ordered porous carbon nanomaterials with different degrees of intrinsic defects. The results of electrochemical performance tests show that the introduction of defects effectively increases the adsorption of materials at high voltage (> 0.1 V) Capacitive behavior provides a high proportion of Faraday pseudocapacitor contribution. First-principles calculations also confirm that the existence of intrinsic defects greatly reduces the sodium adsorption energy of carbon materials, and is more conducive to maintaining long-term and efficient sodium storage behavior. Benefiting from stable sodium ion adsorption kinetics, the designed carbon material anode exhibits excellent sodium storage capacity: at a current density of 1 A / g, the specific capacity reaches 221 mAh / g, and at a high current of 10 A / g It has excellent reversible stability after 5000 cycles under density. This work proves that the intrinsic defect of carbon materials is the effective sodium ion adsorption active site. This finding has reference significance for the design of carbon-based anode materials for high-performance sodium ion batteries.
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