硅烯首次被成功制成晶体管 可获得更快更小计算机芯片

   由意大利和美国科研人员组成的团队首次创建出基于硅烯材质的晶体管。他们发表在《自然·纳米科技》杂志上的论文描述了如何研制这种出了名挑剔的材料。

   硅烯是一种由单个原子厚度的硅制成的材料,就像石墨烯一样,被证明具有超凡脱俗的导电性能,这意味着它在未来电子产品中将大有用武之地,特别是人们对获得更快或更小的计算机芯片抱有无限希望的情形下。

   问题是,硅烯非常难制备,用单张硅烯来完成工作更是难上加难。距离物理学家提出硅烯如何作用的理论已经有8年之久了,从那以后,很多个团队试图创造这种材料,但大多数都没有成功。

   人们发现,让单张硅烯材料产生作用成为阻碍它实现应用等一系列问题的关键。在这次新的尝试中,研究人员不仅制备出了这种材料,还发现了一种方法,足以驯服它来制造微晶体管。

   据物理学家组织网2月4日(北京时间)报道,为了让这个纳米级别的材料乖乖合作,研究人员第一次在镀有氧化铝的银条上生成了一些硅烯层。一旦生成,硅烯层从培养基上剥落,将银排斥到二氧化矽晶片的另一面,银随后被塑造成允许硅烯单层被用作晶体管的电触点。

   该团队报告称,他们已经创建了几个这种晶体管,且其在真空中工作具有稳定性。他们还声称,到目前为止,硅烯的表现没有辜负预测其属性的理论假设。

   尽管他们在技术上已经创建了基于硅烯的晶体管,但是,这个过程能否在商业化应用中大规模使用还不清楚,还有更多的深入研究要做。

   如果能够攻克难关,团队成员相信,未来的电子元器件中硅烯的应用会比石墨烯更容易,毕竟目前绝大多数的芯片设计都是硅基的。

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