The corn cultivar has emerged as a new pest that primarily targets the roots of parasitic corn. Beyond corn, it also affects various grass crops and weeds such as wheat, millet, and sorghum. Effective **pesticide** application is essential for managing this threat.
One of the main signs of infestation is damage to summer maize seedlings. Infested plants show blackened stem bases, which weaken the plant structure. In severe cases, the aboveground parts become short and thin, and the entire plant may die, significantly reducing yield. This pest has three generations per year. The first generation occurs from late April to mid-June, mainly affecting wheat. The second generation takes place from mid-June to early August, targeting summer maize seedlings, while the third generation appears in August and continues into September, primarily damaging corn and sorghum. At this stage, crops are nearly mature, so the impact on yield is less significant.
The first instar nymph does not produce a waxy protective coating, making it a critical window for chemical intervention.
Control methods include crop rotation by planting sunflowers, which are only affected by grassy plants and not by dicotyledonous crops like soybeans and peanuts. This can help reduce infestations in heavily affected areas.
According to the **pesticide network**, certain varieties like Nongda 108 and Ludan 50 are more resistant to pests due to their fast development and strong stress resistance.
Good agricultural practices are also crucial. After harvesting wheat or corn, plowing and cultivating the soil to remove root stalks and dispose of them properly can help control the pest. Adding organic fertilizer, along with phosphorus and potassium, promotes healthy root growth in maize. Regular weeding and proper irrigation maintain suitable soil moisture, especially during dry periods. Watering winter wheat fields helps reduce pest occurrence and damage.
For chemical control, before sowing, seeds can be coated with a 35% carbofur solution at 2–3% of the seed weight, or a mixture of 60% phorate (or 50% methyl parathion) with water in a 1:50:500 ratio. The best time to apply insecticides is in early October when the second instar nymphs are most vulnerable. Solutions of 48% chlorpyrifos, 40% chlorpyrifos, 50% methamidophos, 40% omethoate, or 50% phoxim EC diluted 800–1000 times can be applied directly to the base of the corn seedlings using a sprayer.
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