In the world of luxury wood, the Huanghua Pear has climbed to the top with its high value, creating a unique phenomenon in China where "the people are competing for huanghuali." Known for its elegant patterns, soft hues, and long-lasting fragrance, this rare wood blends well with both deep and light tones. It is easy to work with, offers a moderate level of hardness, and is resistant to deformation, making it highly favored by the Chinese people. However, despite the similarity in name, rosewood and huanghuali are quite different in price—rosewood can be nearly a thousand times more expensive than some varieties of huanghuali. But what exactly sets them apart?
From a botanical perspective, both woods belong to the legume family but differ in genus. According to the "National Redwood Standards," huanghuali, also known as rosewood mother, downywood, or fragrant mahogany, belongs to the Dalbergia genus. It features a distinct growth ring pattern, with heartwood that turns purple-red or dark reddish-brown when freshly cut, often marked by black stripes. Under magnification, its wood rays show wave-like patterns, and the fresh cut emits a strong spicy scent that fades slightly over time. Its fine texture and air-dry density range from 0.82 to 0.94 g/cm³.
On the other hand, rosewood falls under the Pterocarpus genus. The National Redwood Standard defines it as a wood with a fine structure, typically reddish-brown to purple in color, often featuring dark streaks. When dry, its density exceeds 0.76 g/cm³ at 12% moisture content. There are many types of rosewood, including Yueqing, Andaman, Hedgehog, Indian, Large Fruit, Sacred, and Bird’s Foot rosewood. Woods with lower densities are classified as "Asian pears," such as Angola red sandalwood, Philippine red sandalwood, and others.
This shows that while both woods are from the legume family, they come from different genera, and their physical properties, especially in terms of density, are significantly different.
In addition, though rosewood has a pleasant, spicy aroma, it lacks the softness and medicinal benefits found in huanghuali. Scientific studies have shown that essential oils extracted from huanghuali can stimulate cell regeneration, improve skin elasticity, and even help reduce wrinkles. These oils also possess antibacterial and insecticidal properties, making them useful in aromatherapy. Burning huanghuali wood can create a calming atmosphere, which is particularly beneficial for elderly individuals or those with weakened health.
Historically, during the Ming and Qing dynasties, huanghuali and rosewood were often used interchangeably in classical furniture. The term "Ming-style" refers to high-quality hardwood furniture crafted from materials like huanghuali, rosewood, ironwood, and chicken wing wood. Even in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, some large pieces of furniture were made from high-quality rosewood. Over time, rosewood became the dominant material in traditional Chinese hardwood furniture, alongside huanghuali, playing a central role in the culture of classical Chinese craftsmanship.
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