It was a stone with three birds—a research team composed of Yashiro Hiroshi, an associate professor at the Center for Watershed Circle Science at the University of Tokyo in Japan, and Shi Hashiu, an assistant teaching assistant, issued such a research result: the fuel cell is constituted by microbial “electricity-generating bacteria” ( Microbial fuel cells) Successfully used livestock wastewater containing pig manure and urine to generate a maximum of 2.3 W/m2 of electricity and recovered a phosphoric acid compound (MgNH4PO4). In the previous wastewater treatment, the injection of air into the wastewater requires the use of electric power Note 1). Using this result not only can greatly reduce the power used, but also can obtain electricity and useful phosphoric acid compounds.

Note 1) Sewage treatment now uses the "activated sludge method", which uses the microorganisms present in the waste water to decompose the organic matter contained in the waste water for purification.

Phosphorus is the main component of agricultural fertilizers, and is also used in metal processing and food additives. However, phosphorus is facing exhaustion. On the other hand, many wastewaters contain a large amount of phosphorus. If these wastewaters are discharged without treatment, the eutrophication of the water bodies will occur. Therefore, phosphorus must be removed from the wastewater.

In a microbial fuel cell, when a microorganism decomposes organic matter, the anode (negative electrode) generates carbon dioxide, protons (H+), and electrons (e-). The cathode (positive electrode) generates protons and electrons. It also uses oxygen in the air to produce water (Figure 1). This is how microbial fuel cells work.

Figure 1: Phosphorus Recovery Using Microbial Fuel Cells

The R&D group at Gifu University has successfully used power from livestock wastewater containing pig manure and urine to recover phosphorus through microbial fuel cells. Since the livestock wastewater used in this battery contains Mg and the pH near the cathode is high, the precipitation reaction of the phosphate compound (MgNH4PO4) is promoted. (Figure (b) is produced by Nikkei Electronics based on information from the University of Tokyo)

There are two main reasons for the precipitation of phosphorus, namely, the livestock wastewater used contains Mg, and the pH near the cathode electrode is high. This promotes precipitation of MgNH4PO4 and attachment to the cathode.

The R&D group of Gifu University will study the large-scale and low-cost microbial fuel cells in the future. The goal is to realize practical use after 10 to 20 years. In addition to the equipment manufacturers that carry out the water treatment facility business, they also plan to cooperate with companies that have catalysts for cathodes and carbon materials for electrodes. In addition, not only phosphorus, but also plans to use microbial fuel cells to remove nitrogen components that cause eutrophication of water bodies. (Reporter: Ujinjin)

what is the Pipe Fan?

Pipe fan selection control parameters for the air volume, total pressure, efficiency, noise, motor power and so on. Depending on the physical and chemical properties of the gas being transported, fans of different uses are selected.

Features

1. Pipe fan selection control parameters for the air volume, total pressure, efficiency, noise, motor power and so on.

2. According to the physical and chemical properties of the gas being transported, select the fan for different purposes. Such as the delivery of clean air, should choose a general fan; transport flammable and explosive gases, explosion-proof fan should be selected; corrosive gas transmission, corrosion-resistant fan should be used.

3. Ventilator selection, should consider the leakage of piping system losses, calculation errors, and the actual fan fan, the negative pressure deviation, the general use of air flow 1.05 ~ 1.1, wind pressure of 1.10 to 1.15 safety factor. However, it is neither too large nor too large to prevent the fan from operating in an area of low efficiency for a long time.

4. Pay attention to the matching characteristics of the pipe network resistance characteristics and fan characteristics. In order for the ventilator to operate stably, the ventilator should be operated near its maximum efficiency point. The operating point of the ventilator is located on the right side of the full pressure peak point in the performance curve (ie, on the gales side and generally at 80% of the full pressure peak) ).

5. For ventilation systems with muffler requirements, fans with high efficiency and low impeller circumferential speed should be selected first and operate near the highest efficiency point. Should also be based on the ventilation system noise and vibration propagation, take the appropriate noise reduction and damping measures.

6. Pipe fan is through the blade shape changes, the air flow into the fan, the existing part of the axial flow, but also produce part of the centrifugal effect, so its performance is between the axial flow fan and Centrifugal Fan.

7. Piping ventilator can provide medium pressure and moderate air flow, ventilation system used in high-rise civil buildings are more appropriate.

Installation points

1. Fan mounting pedestal (base, hanger) should have sufficient strength, stability and durability, pedestal vibration should meet the following requirements:

1) The natural frequency of the basic device shall not be greater than 1/3 of the motor and fan speed;

2) The difference between the vibration speed when the ventilator is running and the vibration speed when the ventilator is stationary should be more than 3 times.

2. Ventilator inlet and outlet connections between the duct should be set flexible joints. Into the air duct, air duct and other devices should be a separate support, and by the foundation or other components of the firm support firm, the chassis should not bear the weight of other parts.

3. Fan installed in the building components, should take measures to isolate vibration.

4. Fan installation can refer to the following national building standard design atlas.

5. Pipe fan can be installed in the straight pipe, with easy to take over, taking up the advantages of smaller space.

Pipe Fan

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