Fruit cracking is a common phenomenon in the production of fruits and vegetables. Fruit cracking mostly occurs in the middle and late stages of fruit growth. Once the fruit breaks, the value of the commodity is lost, and the occurrence of pests and diseases is caused. The loss of the growers is serious and has become a restriction on the development of the fruit and vegetable industries. One of the bottlenecks, the problem of cracking has been highly concerned by everyone. There are many reasons for the formation of cracked fruit, involving water, fertilization, management, variety and other aspects. It is only one of the reasons for the lack of calcium or imbalance caused by cracking. It is especially important to comprehensively analyze the cause of cracking and to develop a comprehensive anti-cracking measure. The survey found that the fruit and vegetable cracking caused mainly by the following six reasons:
First, plant endogenous hormone imbalance caused by cracking
Changes in the proportion of endogenous hormones in plants affect the rate at which the skin and flesh grow. When the growth rate of the two is unbalanced, cracks are formed. In actual production, in the middle and late stages of fruit development, the phenomenon of cracking caused by hormone imbalance is more common. At the same time, the abuse of hormonal plant growth regulators is one of the causes of cracking. The “explosion†of watermelon in Jiangyanyang in 2011 was related to planting species, climate (pre-growth drought, and late-stage rainfall), and was also closely related to the improper use of swelling agents.
Second, the physiological characteristics of the variety caused the cracking
The cracked fruit is closely related to the physiological characteristics and genetic characteristics of the variety. The fruit size, peel thickness, fruit water content, cell tightness, fertilizer requirement, sugar content, acid content and fruit development quality all affect the fruit cracking. . For example, in the grape varieties, the varieties with thin peel and crispy flesh are easy to crack, and the varieties with fast water absorption and high water absorption during the coloring period are prone to cracking; the pomelo, the larger the fruit shape index, the thicker the fruit top, the center of the heart. The more enriched, the lighter the cracked fruit; the nectarine variety, the sugar content is higher, the cracked fruit of the variety with lower acid content is heavier; the melon, watermelon variety, the thin and crispy variety of cracked fruit are heavier.
Third, pests and diseases cause cracking
Studies have shown that anthrax can cause umbilical orange cracking. Anthracnose, rust tick, red spider, etc. are directly related to the fruit cracking, and attention should be paid to the prevention and control of pests and diseases. Powdery mildew is the result of skin hardening and loss of elasticity. After the hard core period, it is easy to split from the top of the fruit and form a cracked fruit. After the red spider is harmed to the grape, the fruit surface forms brown rust spots, and most of them form a cracked fruit from the fruit ridge.
4. Rapid changes in soil moisture cause cracking
The change of soil moisture has a great influence on the absorption of calcium in the pericarp. Drought and flooding may cause water stress, reduce the absorption of calcium, and then cause cracking. In the early stage of crop growth, when drought occurs, during the rapid expansion of the fruit, frequent rainfall occurs. The water transported by the roots to the fruit increases rapidly, and the flesh cells will expand rapidly. At this time, the pericarp has been aging, and the pericarp cells are swollen due to the restriction of the stratum corneum. There will be a case where the flesh swells the peel. The cracking fruit appearing in this situation is more common in grapes, jujubes and pomegranates. If the water shortage in the early stage will affect the expansion of young fruit, the continuous coloring or flooding in the coloring period will cause a large number of cracked fruit to occur.
V. Cultivation and management measures cause cracking
The tree is weak, the light is poor, the ventilation is poor, and the orchard with severe nitrogen fertilizer is severely cracked. It is recommended to use Jiamei to benefit, the internal potassium, high potassium and high calcium package fertilizer; the load is large, the fruit and vegetable are less susceptible to cracking; the soil drainage Poor fruit, serious stagnation, poor permeability, soil acidification, orchard cracking fruit is serious. It is recommended to use Jiamei Brain Platinum and Jiameihongli to timely adjust the soil; the orchard cracking fruit with poor pest control is more serious; use ethephon, gibberellin, 2, 4 -D's orchard cracked fruit increased significantly.
6. Nutritional imbalance causes cracking
The mineral elements and nutrient balance in the flesh have a significant effect on the cracked fruit, and the nutrient imbalance in the tree will aggravate the fruit cracking. Phosphorus, potassium and calcium have the greatest influence on fruit cracking during fruit growth, followed by magnesium, boron, zinc, iron, copper and manganese. When one or several elements are excessive and the other elements are low, the cracking will increase. In actual production, in the later stage of crop growth, fruit cracking is very common due to calcium deficiency and potassium excess. At present, the problem of soil acidification is becoming more and more prominent, and the lack or imbalance of medium and trace elements caused by this phenomenon is very common, which aggravates the degree of cracking.
Seven, soil factors lead to cracking
Soil is also an important factor affecting the cracking of fruit. The soil of the vegetable garden is shallow and the soil retains water and fertilizer capacity is weak. The root system is shallow. In the case of drought, the roots are difficult to absorb water. After the rain, the water absorption of the roots is greatly increased, resulting in sudden changes in fruit moisture and causing fruit cracking. Organic fertilizer enhances the ability of soil water retention and fertilizer conservation, and at the same time pursues Jiamei dividend, nuclear power, profit, and internal potassium, regulates soil, improves soil buffering performance, and promotes nutrient absorption and transformation.
Eight, water factors lead to cracking
The main factors leading to fruit cracking are the soil drought in the early stage of fruit development and the sharp increase of soil water content in the later stage. The air humidity is high, the transpiration is decreased, and the flesh grows rapidly and absorbs a lot of water, which causes fruit cracking. After the rain, the humidity of the air is large, and the transpiration of the leaves is weakened. On the one hand, the water outflow of the fruit is drastically reduced, and on the other hand, the water in other parts of the tree flows more into the fruit, especially the root pressure causes a large amount of water to suddenly enter the fruit tissue, so that the cells The turgor pressure increases and the internal growth stress increases to cause cracking.
Ningbo Actmix produces a group of environmental-friendly Rubber additives & chemicals. As special accelerator for EPDM and other synthetic rubber compound, does not contain any secondary amines which can form nitrosamines during vulcanization; and with excellent performance and dispersion. These chemicals included Actmix®Phosphorodithioic range, Actmix®CLD-80, Actmix®Retarder E-80, Actmix®TBzTD-70, Actmix®ZBEC-70 etc.
Actmix®Pre-dispersed rubber chemicals, impurity free, blocked filter free of extrusive products, scrap rate reduction and higher productivity thanks to filtration.Wider compatibility with other elastomers.
These chemicals are widely used for automotive rubber sealing system, sealing strip, rubber hose etc technical parts.
Environmental-friendly Rubber Chemical
Environmental-friendly Rubber Chemical,Environmental-friendly Elastic Rubber,Environmental Life Casting Silicone Rubber,Environmental-friendly Rubber Getting Raw Oil
Ningbo Actmix Rubber Chemicals Co., Ltd. , http://www.actmixchemicals.com