Affected by the long-term dry weather since the wheat planting, the pests and diseases in the wheat area will have a serious trend. According to the National Crop Pest Monitoring Network, due to multiple factors such as arid climate and large number of wintering bases for pests and diseases, the occurrence of major pests and diseases of crops this year will be significantly focused on the previous year. The area of ​​various pests and diseases is expected to exceed 6 billion mu, and the prevention and control tasks and The difficulty is more than normal.
According to the National Climate Center, the temperature in most parts of China this spring is generally high, and the precipitation is less, which is conducive to the occurrence of pests such as wheat spiders and aphids. It is expected that as the temperature rises, the area of ​​various pests and diseases will rapidly expand, with the temperature. The recovery and the irrigation area of ​​wheat fields will increase, and the occurrence of wheat spiders and sheath blight will be significantly increased.
A precipitation process between 25 and 28 in the arid zone will be beneficial to alleviate the drought. It is expected that there will be light rain (snow) in the meteorological arid areas such as the eastern part of the northwest, north China, Huanghuai and northern Susong in the northwestern region, and moderate rain (snow) in some areas.
At present, winter wheat is about to enter the rejuvenation period, and pests such as nursery, wheat spiders, underground pests, and sheath blight will also develop rapidly and enter the critical period of the hazard; monitoring should be strengthened to prevent it early.
The wheat spider mainly harms wheat and Other crops in the spring and autumn. Adults and nymphs can be harmed. After the plants are damaged, the leaves show yellow-white spots, the plants are short and the development is blocked. The heavy spots merge into plaques and the photosynthesis is destroyed. The transpiration is increased and the leaves are dry and dead.
Control methods: First, take agricultural control. The use of rotation for cropping, rational irrigation, deep harvesting and stalking after wheat harvest can eliminate the overwintering eggs in large numbers, and significantly reduce the density of insects in the three wheat seedlings and spring. The second is to take chemical control. 40% dicofol, or 15% broom emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times, or 15% hydrazine 1500 times, or 40% omethoate 1500 times per acre, all have good control effect, and can cure aphid.
Rhizoctonia solani mainly overwinters in the soil with sclerotia, and can also overwinter with mycelium and sclerotia on diseased straw and other host residues. The pathogen has a wide range of hosts, strong viability, and a wide range of bacterial sources. In the second year, the sclerotia in the soil floats on the surface of the water, germinating and invading the rice plant, forming lesions, and then growing hyphae to spread around. The sclerotia has multiple germination characteristics, which cause multiple infestation with water drifting. At moderate temperature (25 ~ 32 ° C) high humidity conditions, the use of nitrogen fertilizer is too late, excessive, the field water is too deep, long-term retention, etc. is beneficial to the disease.
The control of rice sheath blight should be based on agricultural measures and combined with chemical control. (1) Grasp the cultivation and disease prevention centered on the management of fertilizer and water. The fertilizer should pay attention to the steady application of nitrogen and phosphorus, and increase the application of potassium and zinc fertilizer. In order to apply the base fertilizer and ensure the panicle fertilizer, it is not appropriate to apply nitrogen fertilizer to raise seedlings in the middle of rice growth. The principle of “pre-shallow, medium-sun, and post-wet†should be implemented in irrigation. (2) The prevention and treatment of pesticides is mainly to protect the last 3 to 4 leaves of rice plants, and the application should not be too early (before jointing) or too late (after heading period). Pharmacy selection: 5% Jinggangmycin water 150 ml per mu or 12.5% ​​Moulds clear water 100-200 ml, or 20% sclerotin suspension 60-100 ml or 15% rust WP WP 50 g, Spray 50-70 kg of water. When spraying, ensure the water consumption and spray it into the rice plant and base.
The specific weather forecast is as follows:
From 08:00 on the 25th to 08:00 on the 26th, there were small to moderate rains (snow) in the western part of Xinjiang, the eastern part of the northwestern part of China, North China, Huanghuai, southeastern Tibet, Jianghan, Jianghuai and northern Jiangnan. Among them, Jianghan and Jianghuai had heavy rain.
From 08:00 on the 26th to 08:00 on the 27th, there were light snow (rain) in western Xinjiang, eastern part of northwestern region, north China, Huanghuai and other places; small rain to western Tibet, eastern Sichuan Basin, eastern Guizhou, Jianghuai, Jianghan, and northern Jiangnan ( Snow), there is heavy rain.
From 08:00 to 28:00 on the 27th, there were light snow (rain) in the eastern part of the northwestern region, western and southern Huanghuai, and small to moderate rain in the eastern part of the Sichuan Basin, eastern Guizhou, Jianghuai and northern Jiangnan.
From 08:00 on the 28th to 08:00 on March 1, there are small snow (rain) in the central and western parts of North China, the central and western parts of Huanghuai, and the south; the eastern part of the Sichuan Basin, Guizhou, Jianghan, Jianghuai, the northern and central parts of the Yangtze River, and the northwestern part of South China are small. In the middle of the rain, there was heavy rain in the local area. March 1 - March 3, by a surge of cold air, the eastern part of our country in most areas will appear windy cool weather.
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