Chen Changnian, Secretary of the Equipment Department of China Automotive Engineering Society and Secretary General of the New Alliance for Automotive Manufacturing Equipment Innovation
In 1913, Ford Motor Company developed the world's first assembly line. This initiative produced a total of 15 million Ford models, creating a world record that has not yet been broken. Fortunately, Mr. Ford was honored as the "wheel for the world." In 1999, Fortune magazine named Old Ford as a "twentieth-century business giant" in recognition of his and Ford Motor Company's outstanding contributions to the development of human industry. The emergence of Ford's mass production method has enabled the human economy to enter the “quantity era†of economies of scale and solve the problem of shortage of temperature saturation. It is characterized by high volume, low cost, and three high sequelae: high pollution, high energy consumption and high consumables.
In 1985, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology used nearly five years to inspect more than 90 automakers and published "The Machine to Change the World." It outlines the origin and specific application of Toyota's lean production methods that will replace mass production methods worldwide and its far-reaching impact on the world's politics and economy. At present, almost all large auto companies are implementing lean production, and many companies also have IE and SCM departments. Toyota's lean production approach has enabled the human economy to enter the "quality age." The goal of lean production is zero defect, zero inventory.
In 1988, the University of the University of the United States, in cooperation with General Motors, created an agile manufacturing strategy and became a strategic factor in guiding the US manufacturing industry to regain its glory and the economy to get out of trouble. The emergence of GM's agile manufacturing has enabled the human economy to enter the "diversified era" and created conditions for restoring the ecological environment and sustainable development.
The three types of manufacturing systems for automotive parts in the era of diversification refer to small-volume, high-volume manufacturing systems, multi-variety, single-piece, small-batch manufacturing systems, and multi-variety, high-volume manufacturing systems.
Small variety mass production system
The low-volume, high-volume manufacturing system is the basic manufacturing system used in most vehicle manufacturing plants. Among them, the engine small-volume mass production system is representative.
1. Two revolutions in engine manufacturing technology
The first revolution took place in the early 20th century, when Ford Motor Company founder Ford invented a large number of production lines, from which the car entered the society. It is characterized by an automatic production line TL (Transfer Line) consisting of a special purpose machine/transfer machine, also known as a conventional automatic line. Its biggest advantages are: 1 high production efficiency, dozens or even hundreds of knives processing at the same time, its efficiency is unmatched by any other type of production line; 2 low price, especially in China, the price of combined special plane is even lower than the mass production of general-purpose CNC machine tool. The biggest drawback is the poor flexibility, which is basically unusable once the product is changed and replaced.
The flexible automatic line is the second revolution in engine manufacturing technology. In order to solve the variant production of the product and to facilitate the replacement of varieties, flexible production technology has been introduced into automobile production. In the 1990s, high-speed machining centers with high speed, high fast-moving speed, high acceleration, and rapid tool change appeared. The flexible automatic line FTL (Flexible Transfer Line) is the second revolution in engine manufacturing technology. Its outstanding feature is to overcome the contradiction between high flexibility and low efficiency to some extent. This line not only can process parts in the same product range, but also can process variants, replacement products and new products, which is truly flexible. The disadvantage is that the investment is large and the efficiency is limited.
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