Corn is the main raw material for livestock and poultry diets. Long-term feeding of diets containing moldy corn will not only harm animals, but also harmful substances left in the animal body will bring hidden dangers to human health. After corn mold changes, it will be contaminated by the mold metabolite, mycotoxins.
1 , the type of corn mycotoxins
1.1 Toxoplasma toxin: damage to the respiratory tract, mainly manifested as difficulty breathing, gasping, shortness of breath, and some also showed lethargy, loss of appetite, weight loss, increased desire for thirst and fever, late diarrhea, necropsy of infected chicks visible lung There is a yellow-white cheese-like necrotic nodule on the balloon.
1.2 aflatoxin B1 : damage to the liver, can cause liver cell degeneration, necrosis, acute liver injury; subcutaneous hemorrhage; cock semen volume reduction; embryo death leading to lower hatching rate; egg production decline, it takes several weeks to recover, egg change Small, yolk weight loss; cause immunosuppression, induced coccidiosis, Marek, Salmonella and so on.
1.3 F-2 toxin: harms the reproductive tract and sex hormone sensitive tissues, and has similar estrogen effects. Some chickens are pseudo-hens. The lesions are ovarian swelling and fallopian tube damage. At the same time, the egg specific gravity, eggshell thickness decreases, pigmentation changes Poor and so on.
1.4 T-2 toxin: Invade the oral mucosa of chickens, causing corrosive and exudative damage. It is characterized by scaly tissue deformation in oral ulcers, salivary glands and mucous glands, and the eggs are reduced and the shell eggs are increased.
1.5 ochratoxin: damage to the kidneys, manifested by white urine urate deposits in the kidney organs; immunosuppression; early embryo death, decreased fertilization rate and hatching rate, and increased embryo malformation; diarrhea, weight loss, etc.
2 , treatment measures for lightly polluted corn
2.1 Dilution
A small amount of mild mildew corn is gradually incorporated into normal corn for use.
2.2 Washed
Molded corn is crushed, added 3-4 times of water, stirred and soaked, and mixed with water twice a day until the soaked water turns from brown to colorless, and used as soon as possible after washing.
2.3 De-embryo detoxification
The toxins of moldy corn are mainly concentrated in the germ part of corn. Firstly grind the corn into small particles of 1.5-4.5mm, add 5-6 times of water, and then stir. Part of the germ is floating on the water surface due to the light density, and it is taken out or dumped with water. Once, the purpose of de-embryo detoxification can be achieved.
2.4 physical adsorption
Minerals capable of adsorbing and capturing mycotoxin molecules - aluminum silicate salts, zeolites, bentonite, activated carbon, diatomaceous earth, etc., or bovine serum albumin, esterified mannooligosaccharides, and the like are used.
2.5 chemical treatment
Use lime water, soda, hydrogen peroxide or supplement synthetic salt laxatives such as magnesium sulfate.
2.6 Supplementary Nutrients
Adequate VA, VD, VE, VK, folic acid, organic selenium, methionine, etc. to alleviate the poisoning effect, or use organic acid additives, probiotics such as lactic acid bacteria, yeast, etc., also help to alleviate the toxicity of mycotoxins, some enzymes The formulation also helps to alleviate the risk of mycotoxins.
3 , heavily polluted corn treatment
Corn with more severe mildew should be purchased in a centralized manner, stored in a special warehouse, and sent to the quality inspection organization in time. The corn with excessive toxin content can only be sold as industrial grain, and should not be used for food and feed processing. Must be destroyed and must not be used.
The above is the treatment measures for mold-contaminated corn. It is recommended to use moldy corn in the feed. Even the long-term use of lightly polluted corn will cause great harm to livestock and humans.
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