Rare earth farming is a relatively new application field that emerged in China during the early 1970s. It was recognized as a national key project under both the "Sixth Five-Year Plan" and "Seventh Five-Year Plan," and also became part of a national-level spark initiative. As one of the eight main application areas of rare earth elements, it has shown great potential in agriculture. Rare earth elements can stimulate plant metabolism, enhance physiological activities, accelerate cell division and growth, increase chlorophyll content, improve photosynthesis efficiency, boost nutrient absorption, and strengthen resistance to drought and low temperatures. They also help increase dry matter accumulation, leading to higher crop yields and better quality.
Extensive field applications across the country (excluding Tibet and Taiwan, which were used for small-scale trials) have demonstrated that rare earth-based products are suitable for all regions and crops. Studies show that the likelihood of yield improvement through rare earth use exceeds 95%, making it a highly effective agricultural tool.
Agricultural rare earth products are primarily composed of light rare earth nitrates, with a chemical formula of R(NO₃)₃·6H₂O (where R represents mixed rare earth elements). These compounds contain 37%-40% rare earth oxides and appear as slightly purplish-red powder or liquid, with particle sizes less than 5mm and a melting point of 90±2°C. Proper storage is essential, as exposure to air may cause moisture absorption and deliquescence, though this does not reduce their effectiveness.
Research on the physiological effects of rare earth elements on plants indicates that their proper use can significantly promote plant growth and development. The increased dry matter accumulation is mainly due to enhanced photosynthesis, as rare earths can increase chlorophyll levels and photosynthetic rates. They also stimulate root development, enhance root absorption capacity, and influence nitrogen fixation and enzyme activity. Tracer studies have shown that rare earths can improve the uptake and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in plants. However, the mechanisms behind these effects are still considered indirect, and further research is needed.
In China, four major categories of rare earth-based agricultural products are currently available: rare earth micro-fertilizers, multi-component compound fertilizers, rare earth ammonium bicarbonate compound fertilizers, and rare earth feed additives. Concerns about the environmental impact of agricultural rare earths were addressed in 2003 by a research project led by Academician Ni Jiazan from the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The study concluded that approximately 99% of applied rare earths are quickly absorbed by the soil, with slow diffusion under normal conditions. Under typical usage levels, the risk of groundwater contamination over 100 years in non-acidic soils is minimal. However, in acid rain-prone or laterite regions, the migration rate of rare earths increases, requiring closer monitoring.
The Hunan Provincial Rare Earth Agricultural Research Center has been actively involved in the development and promotion of rare earth-based agricultural products. Recently, Baotou Gold Rare Earth Bio-Application Co., Ltd. has made notable progress in this area, and it's reported that they successfully exported their products to South Korea last year.
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**Label:** Rare Earth Agricultural Research
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Butterfly Valve
Butterfly valves are commonly used in piping systems to control and regulate flow and speed.
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