Chitin, also known as chitin, chitin, is insoluble in alkali and other organic solvents, and is also insoluble in water. In nature, it is widely found in the shells of crustaceans such as lower plants, fungi, shrimps, crabs, and insects, and the cell walls of eubacteria.
In other words, chitin is insoluble in water, how can it be absorbed by plants?
In fact, whether it is the chitin used in medicine or the chitin used in agriculture, it is not the original natural chitin. It is deacetylated by natural acid chitin in the production by acid-base method or biological method. It becomes soluble chitin which is soluble in dilute acid.
The deacetylated soluble chitin is also called chitosan or chitosan, and the acetyl group is 55%, which can be called chitosan. The current conversion rate is about 85%. To 90%.
Now it seems that there is also the preparation of water-soluble chitin, but it is not the original chitosan, it should be called oligo-chitosan, and it still retains the basic structural characteristics of chitosan. .
Therefore, the chitin used in agriculture should be a combination of chitin and chitosan. In agricultural production, its physical and chemical properties are often used to prevent disease and disease, and even to prevent insects and insects.
Let me talk about physical characteristics:
Because of the presence of chitin, it has good hygroscopicity and film-forming properties. When applied to the surface of crops, it can form a breathable and rain-resistant protective film that not only resists pests and diseases, but also resists drought. The impact of adverse environments such as frost.
In addition, you have to talk about its chemical properties, as well as biological activity.
In fact, this part is mainly chitosan, the characteristic of chitosan. It has very good biocompatibility, which is more conducive to crop absorption. After entering the plant, it can induce chitinase and chitosan. Enzymes, etc., further decompose chitin. Moreover, since chitin is widely present in eubacteria and insects, the enzyme induced by chitosan is also effective against germs and chitin-containing insects, and can decompose chitin in the body to inhibit or kill.
Therefore, after some hyphae, spores or eggs are exposed to the chitin-coated crop, the chitin and chitosan are decomposed by the enzyme, which can kill the single-cell bacteria or the eggs. And the nematode caused a good killing effect.
When it comes to the antibacterial properties of chitin, we have to analyze it in detail. In addition to chitinase and chitooligosaccharase, chitosan can also produce phytoalexins, as well as dextranase, among which plants Anti-toxin itself has antibacterial activity, while dextranase and chitinase can inhibit pathogens in vitro, and chitosan can also induce plants to produce guaiac, enhance plant cell wall and further enhance disease resistance. Moreover, chitosan can change the permeability and fluidity of the pathogenic bacteria cell membrane, block the metabolism of pathogenic bacteria, and play a bacteriostatic effect.
Chitosan can interfere with DNA replication and transcription, so the use of chitin in advance can play a good preventive role for some viral diseases.
Thanks to these properties of chitin, chitin can play a very good synergistic effect when mixed with pesticides or fertilizers. When mixed with pesticides, it can play a very good control and resistance to diseases and tiny pests such as nematodes and mites. When mixed with chemical fertilizers, it can accelerate the recovery of damaged roots and also form protection on the root surface. Membrane to reduce the rooting and rooting of fertilizer.
In addition, chitin has a certain function of controlling the growth of vegetables, and when used at a higher concentration, it can inhibit the growth of crops and promote the growth of crops when using lower concentrations. It seems that there is a strong rooting and rooting function. If you don't know much, you won't say much.
There is also a saying that it can promote the growth and reproduction of actinomycetes in the soil, while inhibiting the growth and reproduction of harmful bacteria. Since there is no such data, there is not much report at home and abroad, so it is not repeated.
Then there are some things that are not related to agriculture. Chitin and its decomposition products have good adsorption function, which can effectively concentrate heavy metals and their difficult-to-decompose substances and alleviate soil pollution. This function has been adopted by many countries. use.
In terms of all the characteristics of chitin, it should be used early in the agricultural production. It should be used in advance, rather than in accordance with the past thinking habits of the farmers. The growth is not good, and the adversity environment has emerged before it is used. It is related to amino acids. Differently, it needs the cooperation of crops. When the crops are persecuted to a certain extent, how can they cooperate?
(Reprinted from: good agricultural resources)
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