The focus of the villa design is still on the function and style of grasp. Due to the large size of the villa, many people think that the function should not be a problem. This is actually a misunderstanding. Due to the limitations of architectural design, the inconsistent utilization of the villa area is often caused. Frequent use of space can sometimes lead to cramped areas, and few people are involved. Let's talk about villa drainage system design methods and villas together. Let's go for the point of drainage design.
Villa drainage system design method:
1. The building water supply project refers to the delivery of water that meets the water quality standards to the points of use of the living, production, and fire-fighting water supply systems to meet the requirements for water volume and water pressure. Compared to the water supply project of garden houses, tap water, which is closely related to people, is sent to people's kitchens, toilets and other water points through pipes.
2. How do you send tap water to millions of households?
Here we elaborate on the four aspects of water consumption and measurement, water pressure, pipe and pipe laying of garden houses:
The first thing to understand is how to meet people's daily water use. According to Table 3.1.9 of the “Code for the Design of Building Water Supply and Drainageâ€, the garden house can be determined by referring to the categories with relatively high water quotas for general residential use, which is determined according to the standards for the setting of internal sanitary appliances, plus public building water, Greening and road watering, public facility water use, unforeseen water use, and leakage of water from the pipeline network show that the highest daily maximum water consumption in the entire community is determined by designing the second-second flow rate. The measurement of water volume in garden houses is also more complicated than the construction of buildings.
Previously, old-fashioned water meters were often considered indoors, and water meters installed in the houses not only increased the workload of meter reading, but also greatly reduced the safety and privacy of residential buildings. Therefore, modern multi-floor water meters are usually set outdoors, usually The practice is to locate the water meter in an outdoor pipe well, and set the water meter centrally (water meter group) to be set on the ground floor or on each floor. Each floor of the water supply pipe for the household is laid in the pipe well. Whether the remote water meter is used depends on the specific situation. The advantage of the remote water meter is that it saves a lot of manpower meter reading data. The disadvantage is that the cost is high. The remote garden water meter can be used in the well-managed garden area of ​​the property management. It is the future water meter. Application development direction.
3. The second thing to consider is the issue of water pressure. As most of the garden houses are multi-storey buildings, it is generally possible to directly use the municipal pipe network pressure for water supply in areas where the municipal water supply pipe network is relatively complete. For instance, the water supply pressure provided by the municipal water supply pipe network cannot meet the requirements, according to health and safety, The principle of economy and energy conservation is to use a water storage regulation or pressurized water supply scheme. Since the water in the high level water tanks and pools is not prone to pollution for a long time, a negative pressure water supply system is used to pressurize the pipe network when conditions permit.
Although there is no negative pressure water supply system has full use of municipal pipe network pressure, greatly save energy; avoid secondary pollution of water; save area; convenient maintenance; There is no water tank for negative pressure water supply, although it can store water, but the amount is very small. Once the pipe network is stopped, the user will have no water at any time; and no negative pressure water supply equipment will easily make the pressure of the municipal pipe network drop, only when the municipal pressure is sufficient and get With the approval of the relevant municipal unit, no negative pressure water supply equipment may be used. For the problem that no negative pressure water supply equipment can store water, a negative pressure water supply equipment, a life storage tank, and a set of variable frequency pump set can be set in the living feed pump room. When the municipal water supply is stopped, the water is pumped from the water tank to the non-negative pressure water supply equipment by the variable-frequency pump unit, and the water supply is combined with the non-negative pressure water supply equipment.
No matter whether the municipal pressure is met or not, daily pumping by the variable frequency pump group will ensure that the water in the tank can be updated in a timely manner and the water pressure is stable during the peak hours of water use. For relatively high quality garden houses, the above method can also be used to ensure the water pressure.
Villa drainage system structure design:
The stage of structural design can be roughly divided into three stages, the structural scheme stage, the structural calculation stage and the construction drawing design stage. According to the importance of the building, the seismic intensity of the site where the building is located, the engineering geological survey report, the type of construction site, and the height and number of floors of the building to determine the structural form of the building (eg, masonry, frame, frame-cut, shear Force wall structure, barrel structure, mixed structure, etc., and the structure formed by the combination of these structures). After determining the form of the drainage system of the villa, the structural load-bearing system and structural members are to be arranged according to the characteristics and requirements of different structural forms.
First, the calculation of the load. Loads include external loads (eg, wind load, snow load, construction load, groundwater load, earthquake load, civil defense load, etc.) and internal loads (eg, structural dead load, use load, decoration load, etc.) above load The calculation shall use different combination coefficient and quasi-permanent value coefficient according to the requirements and regulations of the load specification to perform combination calculation under different working conditions.
Second, the trial of the component. According to the calculated load values, construction measures requirements, requirements for use and various calculation methods recommended in the calculation manual to initially determine the cross section of the components.
Three: The calculation of internal force, according to the determined component section and load values ​​to calculate the internal force, including bending moment, shear force, torque, axial pressure and tension and so on.
Fourth, the calculation of components. According to the calculated internal forces of the structure and the requirements and limitations of the specifications on the components (for example, axial pressure ratio, shear-span ratio, span-to-height ratio, cracks and deflections, etc.), it is checked whether the components of the structure trial meet the specifications and requirements. If it does not meet the requirements, it is necessary to adjust the cross section or arrangement of the components until the requirements are satisfied.
The main points of villa drainage design
First, drinking water
The villa decoration refers to the water generally selected water purifier or multi-functional water machine to achieve daily water directly related to drinking water (including drinking water in the living room, kitchen drinking water, bathroom shower water, wading household appliances water, etc.) through the soft water system and The water purification system will solve the water treatment needs of the villa decoration as a whole. Central water softener: installed in the main water pipeline to remove water alkali and scale. Protect wading home appliances such as spot warmers, central air conditioners, water heaters, washing machines, coffee makers, electric irons, etc. Central water purifier: installed in the main pipeline, the whole house is cleaned. Removes sediment, rust, suspended solids, bacteria, viruses and other impurities from the water. Kitchen water purifier: Installed under the cabinet water basin to deeply remove sediment, rust, bleach, suspended solids, bacteria and viruses, chemical pollutants, and heavy metal pollutants. Used to boil water, cook rice, soup, wash fruit, wash your face, brush your teeth, etc. Pipeline machine: Installed in the living room, bedroom, study, direct drinking.
Second, living water
The general living water supply includes the water for daily life, hot water, and swimming pool water. The smart water supply system for smart homes is usually used for water treatment in villas. The optimal water supply can be set according to the highest water usage quota.
1, the highest daily water use estimates: including room, catering, laundry, leisure showers, entertainment and other water quotas, villa customers can be based on the usual need to make a rough estimate and communicate with the hydropower designer in detail, for the villa water treatment reasonable solutions.
2. Hot water system: Hot water generally involves room water, heating, leisure centers and heated swimming pools. Estimates include heat consumption in rooms, showers, saunas, evaporation heat loss in swimming pool water surface, conduction heat loss, pool wall and pool bottom. Conducted heat loss and heat loss of pipe, etc., according to the need to calculate the total heat needs, in order to properly handle the hot water system later. The heat source of the hot water system for general villa renovation is gas-fired boilers, which use volumetric water-heat exchangers to supply water points, and use different groups of heat exchangers according to different functions to facilitate management. In addition, facilities and pipelines should be reserved for the leisure center and the swimming pool.
Third, fire water
1, hydrant water supply
The fire protection system for the villa decoration is of utmost importance. There must be sufficient fire hydrant water for the design of the hydropower project. Generally, two outdoor fire hydrants are provided. The indoor fire hydrant water consumption is approximately 15 L/s, and the fire duration is 2 hours. The water storage capacity of the fire hydrant pool is 108 square meters. Indoor hydrant water supply system water supply methods generally use a combination of water pumps and water tanks, roof set fire water tanks, need to set up two pressure buffer multi-stage fire pumps, one with a prepared. Fire hydrant water supply is generally rationally handled by the water and electricity designer based on the type, size and layout of the villa to estimate the amount of water used.
2, automatic sprinkler system
The automatic sprinkler system generally adopts a large plate design with no secondary beam, a design flow of 33L/s, a fire duration of 1h, and a 120 square meter shower of spray water in the fire pool. Automatic sprinkler pumps are generally two buffered multi-stage fire pumps, one for use and one for preparation.
Fourth, the drainage system
Drainage system is an important part of the villa decoration water treatment system. It is necessary to fully consider the possible changes in the water supply and drainage design, conscientiously analyze and study, obtain reasonable values, and provide a reasonable and reliable pipeline interface to meet various requirements and meet requirements. The basement is generally pressure drained, and the rest is discharged by gravity. The drainage system discharges waste and confluence, and the sewage is collected by the septic tank to treat the discharged sewage pipe. The drainage of villas should consider the timely discharge of fire fighting water, and should prevent combustibles (such as oil) from flowing to other areas, affecting the safety of the rest of the area. Generally, boilers and fire-fighting water are sealed with closed water. In addition, at leisure and entertainment venues, the horizontal cross-drainage pipe is relatively long. It is necessary to provide a circular air-flow pipe to balance the air pressure within the pipe and prevent the water seal from being damaged.
Summary: The relevant information about the design method of villa drainage system and villa drainage design was introduced here for everyone. I hope this article will be helpful to everyone. If you still have something you don't understand, you can leave a message to Xiaobian at the bottom. We will answer your questions as soon as possible.
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