In today's fast-paced world, ensuring the safety and security of university dormitories has become a top priority for students, faculty, and parents alike. Over the past few years, incidents in college dorms have increased, raising serious concerns among the public. Among these incidents, a significant number occurred within the dormitory premises, prompting universities to enhance their security measures. Additional staff were deployed for patrols, and stricter access control was introduced. However, maintaining privacy while ensuring safety remains a major challenge. To address this, an intelligent dormitory security system has been developed to provide both advanced protection and user-friendly features.
This smart security monitoring system is built around the ARM Cortex-M3 processor-based LM3S1138 microcontroller. It offers multiple functions such as fire detection, entry/exit tracking, and monitoring of valuable items. The system includes a node controller that processes signals from various sensors, triggering alarms through LED lights and audio alerts. Data is then transmitted wirelessly to a central monitoring unit, enabling remote oversight of multiple dorm rooms. This not only improves security management but also allows for efficient data storage and retrieval.
The system consists of several key modules. One of them is the human infrared detection module, which operates in two modes: active and power-saving. When a person enters the detection area, the pyroelectric sensor detects the movement and sends a high signal to the microcontroller. If movement continues during the delay period, the signal remains high. Once no one is detected, the system switches back to power-saving mode. To improve detection range and sensitivity, a Fresnel lens is used, increasing the effective range to about 5 meters and allowing a wide detection angle of up to 100 degrees.
To reduce false alarms, the system uses a filter that is specifically tuned to detect human body radiation. According to Wien’s law, the peak wavelength of human body radiation is approximately 9.64 micrometers, which falls within the sensitive range of the filter (7.5–14 micrometers). This ensures that the sensor responds only to human activity and minimizes interference from other heat sources.
Another essential component is the smoke detection module. It uses a smoke sensor placed inside the dorm room to measure the concentration and composition of smoke. The sensor outputs an analog signal that is compared with a threshold voltage using the LM339 comparator. If the smoke level exceeds the set threshold, the output goes high, triggering an alarm. This helps in early detection of potential fire hazards, providing timely alerts to both residents and security personnel.
Overall, this intelligent dormitory security system combines advanced hardware with smart software to create a more secure and manageable living environment for students. With real-time monitoring, accurate detection, and user-friendly controls, it sets a new standard for campus safety.
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