Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, plays a crucial role in the health and development of fish and shrimp. When these aquatic organisms do not receive enough vitamin C, they can suffer from deficiency, which can lead to stunted growth, weakened immune systems, and even death in severe cases. For this reason, it is essential to include vitamin C in their feed.
However, there's a significant difference between the theoretical requirement for vitamin C and the actual amount that needs to be added during feed formulation. This is because vitamin C is highly unstable and prone to degradation. It is easily oxidized when exposed to air, especially in acidic or alkaline environments. Additionally, factors like heat, ultraviolet light, and metal ions can further break down the vitamin, reducing its effectiveness.
As a result, the amount of vitamin C added to feed must be higher than what is theoretically needed. Current practices typically take into account two main factors: the specific nutritional requirements of the species being raised and the stability of the vitamin C source used. To compensate for losses during processing and storage, most feed manufacturers recommend adding 4 to 5 times the minimum required amount. This ensures that the animals still receive sufficient vitamin C to support their health and growth. By understanding these challenges, aquaculture producers can make more informed decisions about vitamin supplementation, ultimately improving the overall performance and survival rates of their fish and shrimp.
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